Data on use of RT and immunotherapy are accumulating and suggest opportunities for RT to “prime” the immune system and enhance anti-tumour effects of immunotherapy.46 FACS analysis of the TRAMP-C1 TIME following 5 Gy fractions suggests an “early” predominantly immunostimulatory TIME 7-days post-RT, with increased DCs and CD4+ T-helper cells, and reduced MDSCs. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is neoplasm.