DSC1 and cancer: This cassette comprised the following genes: CD44, CDH1, CDH3, DDR2, DSC1, EGFR, ENG, JAG1, KRT18, NECTIN3, PLAU, and TNS3. Using qPCR analyses, we validated that each of these genes were significantly upregulated in H661-p190A cells relative to control H661 cells, as well as H661 cells expressing the p190A(S229L), p190A(E400K), p190A(S866Y), or p190A(R1284W) recurrent cancer mutations (Fig. 4c).