In addition, the GBM-C0 cohort appears to have statistically identical survival compared to IDH-wildtype lower-grade astrocytomas without cIMPACT-NOW 3 factors, and the GBM-C1-3 cohort has similar survival compared to the lower-grade tumors with at least one of these factors. This evidence concerns the gene IDH1 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).