Intriguingly, rapamycin, which is a clinically used selective inhibitor of mTOR and S6 phosphorylation, could restore sensitivity towards PARP inhibition, suggesting that combined inhibition of S6 phosphorylation and PARP could be efficient in cancers with PARP inhibitor resistance and HR defects, including BRCA1-deficient breast and ovarian cancers. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and cancer.