Our previous work on BRCA1 also showed a protective role of BRCA1 in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis along with other CVDs (Lovren et al., 2014; Shukla et al., 2011; Singh, Shukla, Quan, et al., 2013; Singh, Shukla, Yanagawa, et al., 2013; Teoh et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and endothelial dysfunction.