A previous study has indicated that radiomic signature of tumor-infiltrating CD8 cell was promising at predicting the immune phenotype of tumors and associated clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment.29 In this study, all features, including technical variables, volume of interest locations, radiomic features of tumor, and peripheral rings were included in a linear elastic-net model. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.