AKT1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: It has long been accepted that, even before the onset of over hyperglycemia in T2DM, the selective insulin resistance with impaired activity of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway results in deregulation of signaling cascades involved in nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelial protection [11,12].