TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the proteins were mainly associated with the following categories: cytokine–cytokine receptor, neuroactive ligand–receptor, and extracellular matrix–receptor interactions; peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ, chemokine, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), tumor necrosis factor, Toll-like receptor, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); and, retinol metabolism (Supplemental Table S4).