Examining all markers together, MQ treatment reduced the proportion of IFN-γ+IL-21+CXCR5+ by 79.33% ± 3.41%, but not IFN-γ+IL-21+CXCR5-, and increased the proportions of Th1-like IFN-γ+CXCR5−IL-21- compared with untreated animals (Figure 2F), suggesting that generation of CXCR5- Th1-like cells is inhibited by infection lasting longer than 3 days. Here, IL21 is linked to infection.