At baseline, there were no differences among the groups regarding their adrenaline concentrations (37.1 ± 9.6 pg/ml in controls vs. 37.6 ± 9.8 pg/ml in women with GDM), noradrenaline concentrations (337.6 ± 136.2 in controls vs. 340.6 ± 93.8 pg/ml in women with GDM), and NPY concentrations (992 ± 368 in controls vs. 1,101 ± 456 pg/ml in women with GDM). Here, NPY is linked to gestational diabetes.