PTPN11 and melanoma: It has been reported that in melanoma PD-1 and PD-L1 interaction triggers ITIM and ITSM cytosolic loci of PD-1 to recruit phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, which induces dephosphorylation of TCR in T cells, whereas promotes activation of pro-tumorigenic pathways in melanoma29.