The objectives of this study were: (a) to determine the incidence, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes of myeloma patients with BMF in the current era of treatment; (b) to determine the correlations between BMF and ISS stage, and cytogenetic risk stratification; and (c) to determine the roles/contributions of Janus Kinase (JAK)1 and JAK2 in myeloma patients with BMF. Here, JAK2 is linked to plasma cell myeloma.