TNF and herpes simplex infectious disease: Meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis for the differentially expressed mRNAs revealed that top 10 pathways associated with upregulated mRNAs were the TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, influenza A, measles, herpes simplex infection, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway, most of which are involved in inflammatory responses.