The galangin-induced CCA cell apoptosis was further confirmed by Western blot analysis as indicated by increased protein expression of cleaved caspase 3 levels and the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in both HCCC9810 and TFK-1 cell line (Figures 1(d) and 1(f)). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is cholangiocarcinoma.