Additionally, spliceosome mutations (e.g., involving spliceosome components such as SF3B1, U2AF1, and SRSF2), which are common in MDS (75), have been found to confer sensitivity to TLR ligands by promoting the production of activating forms of components of the TLR signaling pathways. The gene discussed is SRSF2; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.