SNCA and Parkinson disease: The main pathological hallmarks of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the SN and the accumulation of α-synuclein into large insoluble aggregates called Lewy bodies (LB), which are primarily composed of phosphorylated α-synuclein, p62, ubiquitin, and dysmorphic organelles and lipid membranes (Spillantini et al., 1997; Kalia and Kalia, 2015; Chartier and Duyckaerts, 2018; Shahmoradian et al., 2019).