VDR and neoplasm: Colon cancer cells express high levels of the vitamin D receptor (VDR).3 In vitro studies found that by binding with VDR, vitamin D can induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells and counteract aberrant WNT-β catenin signalling.4 In APC(min) mice, a model of intestinal tumorigenesis, tumour burden was increased by inactivation of the VDR gene and decreased by treatment with vitamin D or its synthetic analogue.4