An in vitro study showed that betulin potentiated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by increasing PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) activity and insulin signalling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas oleanolic acid enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and cell proliferation in insulinoma cells (Ko et al. 2016). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is pancreatic insulinoma.