ACTA2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The mRNA levels of ACTA2, collagen I, and IL-6 were greater in the CAFs than in the LNFs (average 1.38-fold, range 1.17- to 1.96-fold), whereas the expressions in both CAFs and LNFs were inhibited by co-treatment with PFD in all 3 NSCLC cell lines, with an average reduction rate of 0.48 and 0.63, respectively (Fig. 1B).