While previous studies investigating systemic neutralization of TGF-β in the Fbn1C1039G/+ model prevented the formation of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA)28, later studies using the mgR model demonstrated that TGF-β exerted an opposing effect on TAA pathology: TGF-β neutralization broadly correlated with both early- and late-stage TAA progression30. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is thoracic aortic aneurysm.