The combination of H. influenzae colonization and hpd detection in DBS from children with pneumonia was found in 93.6% (44/47), for which 70.2% (33/47) of the H. influenzae were isolated from the nasopharynx; for healthy children it was 92.9% (66/71), 76% (54/71) of H. influenzae isolated by culture (Table 1). Here, HPD is linked to pneumonia.