TNF and neoplasm: It is estimated that the hypoxic tumor environment stimulates the production of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) triggering a cascade of pro- angiogenic cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) [12].