Upon infection by Burkholderia thailandesis (a model for pneumonic infection which provokes wasting of skeletal muscle but does not compromise intestinal barrier), the commensal E. coli O21:H+ translocates into the white adipose tissue and activates the Nlrc4 inflammasome to induce sustained insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in the skeletal muscle, resulting in prevention of muscle loss (114). This evidence concerns the gene NLRC4 and infection.