CTSD and carcinoma: The reduced CFLAR expression accelerates inflammation, ER stress, and cell death in ischemia-induced mouse brain tissues (Wang et al., 2019), whereas overexpression of CTSD was linked with various diseases, e.g., type 2 diabetes (Liu et al., 2017), acute coronary syndromes (Gonçalves et al., 2016), and malignant epithelial tumor (Zhang et al., 2018).