LRRK2 and Parkinson disease: Studies in clinical cohorts report that pS1292-LRRK2 levels are elevated in urinary exosomes from G2019S LRRK2 mutation carriers compared to non-carriers and that PD manifesting G2019S LRRK2 mutation carriers have a higher S1292-LRRK2 level than the non-manifesting mutations carriers (Fraser et al., 2016a).