SHANK3 and autism spectrum disorder: Several genes were validated in APA sperm that were associated with autism spectrum disorder (CACNA1H, CNTNAP2, GRIN1, SHANK2, SHANK3, ZNF804A), schizophrenia (TCF3, ZNF804A), and bipolar disorder (COMT, DRD4, GRIN1, MBP, PRKCZ, SHANK2, TRPM2, ZNF804A), and in APA blastocysts (CACNA1H).