BRAF and melanoma: In terms of molecular pathology, malignant melanomas can be classified into four subgroups on the basis of mutations that are found within the cells: melanoma with mutations in proto-oncogene B-Raf or v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), in the rat sarcoma gene (RAS) or neurofibromin 1 (NF1) and the so-called triple negative melanomas [1,2,3].