This included underexpressed tumor suppressor and cancer census genes such as ALK, CD58, ETV4, FOXO1, FAS, SPRED1, SOCS1, or TNFRSF14 and overexpressed onco- and cancer census genes such as ABL2, ABI1, CSMD3, KCNQ5, MAPK8, MAML2, SUFU, TET1, or RANBP17. This evidence concerns the gene SPRED1 and neoplasm.