PPARA and tuberculosis: More explicitly, it predicted that transcriptional regulatory proteins important for muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, OXPHOS and fatty acid oxidation, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha, and beta (PPARGC1A and PPARGC1B, namely, PGC-1α/β) [27], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARA, i.e., PPARα) [28], and surprisingly, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [29] are also significantly suppressed (i.e. reduced activation, z-score < |2|) in TB-mice (Figure 2C).