CDH2 and neoplasm: In addition, Huaier treatment downregulated the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), and N-cadherin, while it upregulated E-cadherin expression in both the A375 cells and tumor tissues, which was detected using western blotting and RT-PCR (P < 0.05).