However, as a NAD-dependent deacetylase that modulates apoptosis of hepatocytes in response to oxidative and genotoxic stress, SIRT1 inactivation could provoke insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) expression and pro-inflammatory signaling pathway (STAT3 and JNK) activation135, all of which are important factors governing hepatoma cells’ transformation. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.