In mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, PR-957 treatment reduces cellular infiltration, autoantibody levels, and cytokine production, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-23, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, effectively alleviating the inflammatory response (Muchamuel et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and systemic lupus erythematosus.