NF-L was thus shown to be strongly increased in the CSF and plasma of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients (Rosengren et al., 1996; Norgren et al., 2003; Gaiottino et al., 2013; Mattsson et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene NEFL and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.