The accumulation and deposition of misfolded TDP-43 throughout interconnected brain regions have been well described in FTLD, ALS, AD, and other NDs (Brettschneider et al., 2013; Josephs et al., 2014b; James et al., 2016), leading to speculation that TDP-43 might spread directly between cells (Nonaka et al., 2013; Porta et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.