In addition to Cip/Kip, zebularine can up-regulate ink4 p15INK4b and p16INK4a in colon cancer Caco-2 cell (Berner et al., 2010), and also p53 in colon cancer (Yang et al., 2013) and other cancer such as HCC (Nakamura et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene CIB1 and malignant colon neoplasm.