These aberrations trigger Ras/Raf/MAPK and the PI3K/Akt intracellular signaling pathways, which subsequently lead to enhanced proliferation, migration and impaired apoptosis of tumor cells (Liu et al., 2018b; Sigismund et al., 2018; Singh and Jadhav, 2018). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is neoplasm.