CCN1 and cancer: These could be classified into 3 groups, (1) the metastasis and tumorigenesis-promoting factors containing CEACAM1, IFI27, FOXQ1, and H19, (2) survival molecules; FGFBP1 and SLC2A3, and (3) tumor-associated factors, including PRF1, SNTB1, ZBED2, and FSTL5. The cancer stemness features were associated with slightly decreased expression of PKIB, TRNP1, RGS2, STK39, CYR61, MMP7, and PPARG genes which often participated in cell proliferation (Table 1).