TNNI3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Among individuals with COPD, 23.5% had hs-cTnI > 5 ng/L alone, 7.2% had ischemic ECG abnormalities alone and 7.7% had both hs-cTnI > 5 ng/L and ischemic ECG abnormalities, while the corresponding prevalence among those with normal lung function was 18.3, 6.8 and 6.6% respectively (Fig. 1 a-b).