TNF and memory impairment: Our study showed that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 could ameliorate memory impairments in SAMP8 mice and suggested that their action may be mediated via modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome, decreasing TNF-α level, astrocytes, and microglias activation, ameliorating oxidative stress, and inhibiting expression of p-NF-kB-p65, ASC, caspase-1, and iNOS in hippocampus.