CXCL8 and Renal insufficiency: Eleven patients had renal insufficiency, with ≥2 mg/dl creatinine; these patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of IL-8, MIP-1α, and TNF-α than those with <2 mg/dl creatinine (p = 0.027, p = 0.013, and p = 0.020, respectively) (Figure 4).