IL1B and atherosclerosis: In this regard, current evidence indeed indicates that ASCVD pathophysiology appears to involve the activation of a selected pro-inflammatory pathway, the NACHT (named after NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1) leucine rich-repeat and PYD-containing (NLRP)3 inflammasome interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pathway [9], but, possibly, not of other pro-inflammatory mechanisms [9,10,11].