PDCD1 and melanoma: While the combination with ipilimumab was too toxic [22,23], phase III clinical trials comparing the triple combination of anti-PD1 with dabrafenib + trametinib versus dabrafenib + trametinib + placebo (Keynote-022 [24], combi-I [25]), or the anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PDL1) atezolizumab with vemurafenib + cobimetinib versus vemurafenib + cobimetinib + placebo (TRILOGY IMspire150 [26]) in treatment-naïve patients with BRAF V600-mutated advanced melanoma are ongoing.