TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: We also reported that PI polyamides targeting the TGF-β1 promoter improved TGF-β1-induced fibrotic diseases such as progressive renal diseases [20], diabetic nephropathy [21], hypertrophic scar in marmoset [15], restenosis of arteries after injury [22], encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis [23], and suppressed dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis [24].