Consistent with an earlier report [47], in HFD obese mice, we found a lesser trend of increased expression of cytokine mRNA in the hypothalamus than in peripheral organs, although several studies in HFD rodent models have indicated not only peripheral inflammation but also increased inflammatory signaling in the hypothalamus, which was linked to the development of central leptin resistance and obesity [48]. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.