CCL5 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Perhaps the most prominent effect was in its normalization of plasma cytokines, several of which, such as CCL5/RANTES, CXCL2/MIP-2, CXCL12/SDF-1α, and CXCL13/BCA-1, were known biomarkers of lupus severity (32, 33, 42).