In several CKD disease models, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, production of IL-1β and activation of P-Smad 2/3 pathways were associated with renal inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and fibrosis (Romero et al., 2017; Qi and Yang, 2018). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is chronic kidney disease.