HNF4A and inflammatory bowel disease: For instance, genes such as ECM1, CDH1, LAMB1, ADAM17A, KIND1/FERMT1 or HNF4α are known to be involved in barrier function and single nucleotide polymorphism has been associated with IBD for these genes (Kern et al., 2007; Blaydon et al., 2011; Bianco et al., 2015).