Employing a model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier based on human choroid plexus epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells, a previous study showed that infection with L. monocytogenes triggers activation of ERK1/2 and p38 signaling, and such cellular response is required for L. monocytogenes infection (22, 25). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and infection.