Eukaryotic cells have evolved the capacity to recognize dsRNA through at least three receptors: toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG1), and melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5), which instigate an antiviral response to combat viral infection and propagation (29). This evidence concerns the gene TLR3 and viral infectious disease.