PSMB10 and cardiac hypertrophy: In the present study, we further revealed that LMP10 KO induced autophagy, which promoted the colocalization of IGF1R and gp130 within autophagosomes and their subsequent degradation, leading to the inhibition of downstream mediators (mTOR, AKT STAT3, and ERK1/2) and cardiac hypertrophy (Figures 6, 7), indicating that LMP10 regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the autophagy-dependent degradation of IGF1R and gp130.