PSMB8 and cardiac hypertrophy: Recently, we demonstrated that the upregulation of LMP7 contributes to the development of several cardiovascular diseases, including pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, Ang II-induced atrial fibrillation, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and retinopathy (Li F. D. et al., 2019; Li J. et al., 2019; Xie et al., 2019).